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2018年6月

2018年6月30日 (土)

俳句と写真のサイト特集 (「チュヌの便り」より)

  

タイトル(青色文字)をクリックしてご覧下さい。

俳句の鑑賞 <万緑>

南禅寺吟行の俳句・写真(平成26年6月)

奈良公園・柳生の里の吟行(俳句と写真)

ひこにゃんの城へ吟行冬うらら(彦根城写真俳句)

吟行の写真俳句 <神戸布引ハーブ園>(改訂版)

「防災の日」の俳句鑑賞 <「震災・地震・津波」>

楽しい吟行俳句アルバム <芭蕉の足跡・加賀路>

吟行は楽しい! 俳句アルバム(若狭・小浜の旅)

俳句の鑑賞 <極暑・酷暑・炎暑>

吟行俳句)冬浅き近江八幡巡りけり

西近江路・琵琶湖周辺の吟行俳句と写真 (改訂版)

楽しい吟行の俳句アルバム(岡山城と後楽園ほか)

若葉の俳句を作って楽しもう!

紅葉の俳句と写真集(改訂版)

Lovee’s Haiku

俳句と写真(イタリア旅行) HAIKU & pictures (Trip to Italy)

HAIKU & Pictures (Trip to E. Europe)

HAIKU & Pictures (Trip to Turkey)

HAIKU & pictures (Trip to Russia)

 

2018年6月27日 (水)

Let's enjoy haiku!

    

History of “Haiku” (「俳句」の歴史)

  

The origin of Haiku is Hokku (発句). Hokku is the opening stanza of renga (連歌).  “Renga” means collaborative linked poetry

By the time of Matsuo Bashō (松尾芭蕉 1644–1694), the hokku appeared as an independent poem.  In the late 19th century, the standalone hokku was renamed “haiku” by Masaoka Shiki (正岡子規 1867–1902).

The term ”haiku” is now generally applied retrospectively to all hokku, irrespective of when they were written.

     

Three distinguished haiku-poets of Edo Period

  

(A) Matsuo Bashō (松尾芭蕉 1644–1694)

Basho was the most famous renga poet of the Edo period; today, after centuries of commentary, he is recognized as the greatest master of haiku.   

Matsuo Bashō's poetry is internationally renowned; and, in Japan, many of his poems are reproduced on monuments and traditional sites.  

   

(B) Yosa Buson (与謝蕪村 1716–1783)

Buson is recognized as one of the greatest masters of haiga (an art form where painting is combined with haiku). His affection for painting can be seen in the painterly style of his haiku. 

   

(C) Kobayashi Issa (小林一茶 1763–1827)

Issa composed very individualistic and humanistic haiku. His miserable childhood, poverty, sad life, and devotion to the Pure Land sect of Buddhism (浄土真宗) are evident in his haiku.  

        

Dishtinguised Haiku-poets after Edo Period 

   

Masaoka Shiki  (正岡子規 1867–1902)

Shiki was strongly influenced by Western culture, as generally in the case of the Japanese intellectual world at that time.  He was rather critical of Basho, and he favored the painterly style of Buson and particularly the European concept of plein-air painting, which he adapted to create a style of haiku as a kind of nature sketch in words, an approach called shasei (写生, "sketching from life").

Shiki discarded the term "hokku" and proposed the term “haiku”.  Since then, "haiku" has been the term usually applied in both Japanese and English, irrespective of the date of haiku composition.  

    

Takahama Kyoshi  (高浜虚子1874 –1959)

In 1898, Kyoshi came to manage the haiku magazine Hototogisu, which had been previously edited by Shiki.  In Hototogisu, he kept on with the traditional style of haiku, as opposed to the new trend developed by Kawahigashi Hekigodo.

Kyoshi attached importance to the traditional pattern of 17 syllables and the function of kigo (season word), and he tried to exclude the more modern trend towards season-less haiku. 

      

Haiku of distinguished haiku-poets of Edo Period

   

Matsuo Bashō  (松尾芭蕉 1644–1694)

  

閑さや 岩にしみ入る 蝉の声

(shizukesa-ya iwani-shimiiru semi-no-koe)

 

(Tnslation by Stephen Addiss, The Art of Haiku)

silence_
penetrating the rocks,
cicada voices


(Translated by Satoshi Kinoshita)  
what a stillness!
cicada voices,
seeping into the crag  

  

(Note)

 “しみいる” is equivalent to “seeping”, rather than “penetrating”. 

   

やがて死ぬ けしきは見えず 蝉の声

(yagate-shinu keshiki-wa-miezu semi-no-koe)  

Depending on the Chinese characters which you apply to “けしき”, you may interpret this haiku into two different meanings as translated by Satoshi:

  

(景色)

the voice of a cicada_

I cannot see the scenary,

soon I will die

  

(気色)

the voices of a cicada_

the cicada does not sound

to die soon

   

Yosa Buson  (与謝蕪村 1716–1783)

  

しら梅に 明る夜ばかりと なりにけり

(shiraumeni akuruyobakarito narinikeri)

 

 (Translated by Stephen Addiss)

among white plum blossoms

what remain is the night

about to break into dawn

   

 (Translated by S. Kinoshita)

all that remain to me_

the night about to break into dawn

among white plum blossoms

  

(Note) The translation of S. Addiss is a mistranslation.

   

Kobayashi Issa  (小林一茶 1763–1827)

   

・時鳥 なけなけ一茶 是に有
(hototogisu nake-nake-issa kore-ni-ari)

   

little cuckoo
sing! sing!
Issa is here  

(David G. Lanoue. Click here to see the site.)

   

Haiku of Masaoka Shiki

 It is said that Shiki Masaoka composed about 24,000 haikus during his short life (1867~1902).  (See the home page of Matsuyama-city 「子規の俳句検索

    

・柿くへば 鐘が鳴るなり 法隆寺

(kaki-kueba kane-ga narunari Hōryūji)

  

I bite into a persimmon

a bell resounds—

Hōryū-ji    

(Shiki Musium ・ sikihaiku)

 

(Note) 

The actual sound that Shiki heard was not the bell of Hohryuhji Temple, but that of Tohdaiji Temple. Persimmons were his favorite fruits.

        

・しぐるゝや 蒟蒻冷えて 臍の上

(shigururu-ya konnyaku-hiete heso-no-ue)

  

it's drizzling...

devil's tongue, cold on

my belly button    

   (“Selected Poems of Masaoka Shiki, Translated by Janine Beichman”)

   

・絲瓜咲て 痰のつまりし 佛かな

(hechima-saite tan-no-tsumarishi hotoke-kana)

   

sponge gourds in bloom
this hotoke
choked by phlegm  

(Shiki Musium ・ sikihaiku)

   

the gourd flowers bloom,

but look—here lies

a phlegm-stuffed Buddha!     

   (“Selected Poems of Masaoka Shiki, Translated by Janine Beichman”)

   

 (Note)

The Japanese word “hotoke” has broader meaning than “Buddha”.  That is, “hotoke” means not only Buddha, but also a dead person or a Buddha-like gentle person.

      

・奈良の町の 昔くさしや 朧月

(Nara-no machi-no Mukashi-kusashi-ya Oboro-zuki)

  

The town of Nara is

Really old-fashioned.

The hazy moon.     

(“Masaoka Shiki’s haiku poems”, Masterpieces of Japanese Culture.)

    

Haiku of Takahama Kyoshi 

 (Translated by S. Kinoshita)

  

・吾も亦 紅なりと ついと出で

(waremo-mata kohnari-to tsuito-ide)  (Age 66、S15. 1940)

  

me too, crimson_

as if so saying,

a burnet abruptly appeared

  

(Note)

’waremokoh’ (吾亦紅) is a burnet. Literally, the word 'waremokoh’ means: ’I also am crimson’. Thus, this haiku is a pun. The words “me too” of this haiku might have implied that young people  boasted of having a good body qualified as the first grade “Koh” (甲) in those days before and during the world war II. At present, it may remind you of recent news about sexual harassments.   

     

大寒の 埃の如く 人死ぬる

(daikan-no hokori-no-gotoku hito-shinuru)  (Age 67、S16. 1941)

  

people die

like

dust of midwinter

(Note) This haiku is a metaphor. You may think of death due to wars, atomic bombs, etc.

  

・爛々と 昼の星見え 菌生え

(ranran-to hirunohoshi-mie kinoko-hae) (Age 73、S22. 1947)

  

the daylight star

looks glaring_

mushrooms grow  

   

(Note)

This haiku was made as a farewell tribute to people in Koromo City. They gave mushrooms (=茸)to Kyoshi Takahama for a farewell present. He lived in Koromo for about three years after moving there for refuge from air raid during the war. The word ’daylight star’ means the sun, because the word ’爛爛’ (=glaring) is used for describing it. In the case of this haiku, it is possible to express 'kinoko' by a chinese character of '茸' or '菌'. However, the latter was adopted. When the letter '菌' is read to be 'kin', it means 'germ'. Thus, it seems that with the cited haiku, Kyoshi Takahama intended to express the whole great nature by referring to the greatest thing ’daylight star (=太陽)’ and the smallest thing 'mushroom (=菌)'.  

   

・春の山 屍をうめて 空しかり

(harunoyama kabaneoumete munashikari)-- (A)

(harunoyama kabaneoumete kuu-shikari)-- (B)

(Age 85、S34. 1959)

   

(Translation A)

the spring mountain

stands vain

with corpses buried 

   

(Translation B)

the spring mountain

with corpses buried_

all are vanity

  

(Note)

In Translation A, the letters ”空しかり” are read to mean ”munashikari” according to the conventional way. The word means ”empty” or ”vain”. In Translation B, the letters ”空しかり” are read to mean ”kuushikari”, which means ”empty” or ”vanity”, as described in Hannyashingyoh (Sutra). The original haiku contains both of such meanings.

To fully appreciate this haiku, please read the Japanese version of the corresponding article in the HIA home page (「高浜虚子の俳句をバイリンガルで楽しもう!」).

   

Enjoy composing haiku as you like

 As you may know, Haiku has a shortest form as a poem. Each of Japanese letters (katakana and hiragana) constituting the pronunciation of a word has a vowel, and in principle, haiku is composed of 5-7-5 syllables. However, English words do not always have vowels like Japanese. Therefore, it is not required for English haiku to be composed of 5-7-5 syllables, and it is generally written in three lines.

As for composing haiku in 5-7-5 syllables, I think that Polish language is more suitable than English, because it seems to me Polish words have more vowels than English.

Haiku is such a short poem, you can compose haiku easily. Even if you are a beginner, you can compose a good haiku when you properly use a “kigo”, that is, a word to express the season at the time.

In haiku, you can express whatever you see or feel in your daily life or sightseeing, or on a special event such as music festival like this.  

Now, as examples of a way of enjoying haiku, I would like to show some haikus that I published in my blogs.

  

Haiku of an open garden concert

  

・マリンバの 音色豊かや バラの庭

(marinba-no neiro-yutaka-ya bara-no-niwa)

rich sound of marimba_

the garden

full of colorful roses

    

・シャンソンの 調べ誘ふ バラの庭

(shanson-no shirabe-izanau bara-no-niwa)

the timbre of shanson

lures me to

the rose garden

  

Haiku of Chunu ・ Four Seasons

  

New Year

・年用意 犬のシャンプー 先づ済ませ

(toshiyoh-i inu-no-shanpuu mazu-sumase)

shampooing of my dog,

first in the preparation

for New Year

  

Spring

・初蝶来 犬寝そべりて 目で追ひぬ

(hatsuchoh-ku inu-nesoberite mede-oinu)

the first butterfly of the year_

the sprawling dog

chases with eyes only

  

Summer

・遠雷や 眠りし犬は 耳ピクリ

(enrai-ya nemurishi-inuwa mimipikuri)

a distant thunder

the sleeping dog

twitches his ears

  

Autumn

・満面に 草の実つけし サモエド犬

(manmenni kusanomitsukeshi samoedoken) 

how cute my Samoyed!

the whole face

with weed-seeds clinging

  

Winter

・風花や 犬はソナタに すやすやと

(kazabana-ya inuwasonatani suyasuyato)

in the sunshine, snow-flakes fall_

my dog in sound slumber,

listening to a sonata

   

Haiku of dolphin show 

   

・涼しさや イルカの飛ばす 水しぶき

(suzushisa-ya irukano-tobasu mizushibuki)

the cool_

water splashed

by dolphins 

 

・水族館 涼しい筈と 思ひしに

(suizokukan suzusiihazuto omoishini)

An aquarium

not as cool as

I expected  

  

・スマスイや 昼寝の魚 スイと浮き

(sumasui-ya hirunenosakana suito-uki)  

A napping fish

awoke and swiftly floated

at Suma aquarium  

  

・欠氷 手に手に親子 イルカショー

(kakigoori tenitenioyako irukashoh)

A parent and sons

with a shaved ice in their hand_

a dolphin show  

  

・満席の 団扇はためく イルカショー

(mansekino uchiwahatameku irukashoh)   

Fans flapping

at full seats_

a dolphin show   

 

・炎天下 イルカ巧みに フラフープ

(entenka iruka-takumini furafuupu)  

Under the flaming sun

dolphins skillful

in hura hoop   

  

・ドルフィンや 客にあいさつ 立ち泳ぎ

(dorufinya kyakuni-aisatsu tachioyogi)  

Dolphins greeting

their spectators

by treading water 

    

In conclusion, please share the following promotion with your friends. 

Haiku is “AI”: not artificial intelligence, but art of intelligence, leading to “LOVE” (). Haiku Aids Increasing Knowledge Universally. Let’s promote world Peace through Haiku!

Thank you for reading this far.

2018年6月23日 (土)

(季語)「黒南風」と「白南風」

        

「南風」は、主に中国・四国・九州地方では「はえ」と呼称しているようですが、俳句では、陰鬱な雨がちの梅雨に吹く南風を「黒南風(くろはえ)」と詠み、梅雨明け後の盛夏の南東季節風を「(しら)南風(はえ)」(又は、「しろはえ」)と詠み、「夏の季語」としています。

「南風」は俳句のリズムを5・7・5に整えるために、「はえ」「みなみ」「なんぷう」「みなみかぜ」など、様々な読み方が可能です。

      

俳誌のサロンの歳時記から気の向くままに例句を掲載させて頂きます。

 

黒南風

 

黒南風の辻いづくにも魚匂ひ 

          (能村登四郎) 

  

黒南風や瓦のずれし地蔵堂  

          (東郷すみ江)

   

黒南風やガードレールに供花(くげ)乾く              

           (塩田博久

   

黒南風や明石海峡なまり色  

           (岡佳代子)

   

黒南風や鴉は叫び鴎舞ひ  

          (大久保白村)

   

白南風

  

気分よく来て白南風の座につきぬ 

           (小澤克己)

 

白南風や港の上を飛行船   

           (山田六甲)

 

白南風に両手さしのベマリア像  

            (野上杳)

 

白南風や牛聞き分ける島ことば

           (曽根薫風)

 

白南風や男浪を砕く警備艇 

           (鈴木齊夫)

  

青色文字をタップすると、最新の「俳句(和文)」や「英語俳句」の記事をご覧頂けます。

トップ欄か、この「俳句HAIKU」をタップすると、最新の全ての記事が掲示されます。

  

2018年6月 6日 (水)

俳句は読み人(詠み人)次第・気軽に楽しもう!

       

Img_0151先日、俳句仲間と西宮のJR甲子園口駅近辺(松山大学温山記念会館武庫川女子大学甲子園会館など)を吟行しました。

松山大学温山記念会館は新田長次郎(1857~1936)が娘婿にあたる建築家木子七郎(1884~1955) に作らせたスペイン風洋館で広大な庭園には立派な防空壕があります。

そこで、ありのままに素朴な句を詠みました。

  

万緑や庭に豪華な防空壕

真菰刈る富豪の庭の池浚ひ

枝削ぎし富豪の庭の楠若葉

  

「真菰」(まこも)は夏の季語です。俳句では「勝見」(かつみ)という異称も使われています。

「まこも」や「かつみ」を詠んだ俳句は「575筆まか勢」でご鑑賞下さい。

  

防空壕を詠んだ俳句について、ベテラン女性から、「万緑』という季語は安易に使うものではない」と教えられたことがあるとのコメントがあり、某女史からは、「シャンデリアがあるわけではないから『豪華』は不適切な表現である」と批判されました。しかし、単に横穴を掘っただけの防空壕しか知らず、被爆体験のないチュヌの主人にはまさに豪華な防空壕でした。

当然のことながら、被爆体験を詠んだ句友の俳句が高得点を得て、主人の俳句は採られませんでした。

戦後70年平和の俳句』」というインターネット・サイトのトップに「蒸され濠(ごう)水一口に息絶えし」という俳句と句評が掲載されていますが、旧新田邸の防空壕は電灯や換気扇などを完備してありました。 

  

俳句には滑稽句ともシリアスな句とも解釈できる二面性のあるものがありますが、高浜虚子の俳句にはそのような面白味のある俳句が多いように思います。

高浜虚子の興味深い俳句100句を翻訳して辞世の俳句など句意の新解釈なども付け加えた記事を国際俳句協会のホームページに、「高浜虚子の俳句をバイリンガルで楽しもう!」というタイトル(5回シリーズ)で掲載して頂きました。こをクリックして虚子俳句をご鑑賞下さい

  

高浜虚子は俳句は片言であること・解釈は読み手次第で異なることを認識していたからこそ戦争俳句を良しとせず、日本文学報国会俳句部会長として戦争を賛美することなく花鳥諷詠の文学を堅持し、時代の流れに掉さすことも流されることもなく、文芸家・俳人としての良心を貫いたと思います(「俳句談義(5)」参照)

 

青色文字の「俳句」や「HAIKU」をタップすると、それぞれ最新の「俳句(和文)」や「英語俳句」の記事をご覧頂けます。

トップ欄か、この「俳句HAIKU」をタップすると、最新の全ての記事が掲示されます。